Iodinated detergent composition



United States Patent 3,338,837 IODINATED DETERGENT COMPOSITION Leonard J. Hodes, 1115 Central Ave.,

Plainfield, NJ. 07060 No Drawing. Filed Aug. 25, 1965, Ser. No. 482,600 3 Claims. (Cl. 252106) This invention relates to a highly germicidally-active iodinated detergent composition of high concentration. More specifically, it deals With a concentrated alkaline detergent deriving germicidal power through liberation of hypoiodous acid, by interaction of an organic halogen oxidant with an inorganic iodide.

Numerous hard surface iodinated cleansing compositions have been disclosed in the art. A typical formulation, as described in Patent No. 3,150,096, includes an organic detergent and enough citric and phosphoric acids to provide an acidic condition. Most of the difliculties encountered with such compositions can be traced to their instability, their limited germicidal effectiveness, and the economic disadvantages of container breakage and diluted detergency inherent in liquid products.

Although alkaline detergent iodide based germicidally active compositions have been proposed for hard surface treatment, they have been considered to be reactive with organic constituents so that no attempts have been made to formulate multi-purpose organic mixtures with such materials.

According to the present invention. a stable alkaline organic detergent composition of high germicidal power is provided, which may be prepared in highly concentrated and solid form, capable of easily removing dirt containing protein and fatty residues of food, which generally are difiicult to remove with weak acidic detergents. Further- 1 more, the present detergents are much more potent germicidally and considerably less gents.

The composition of the present invention consists of four main ingredients: (1) an organic detergent, which may be anionic, cationic, or non-ionic in nature, (2) an organic halogen oxidant, such as a chloramine, (3) an inorganic iodide, and (4) an inorganic alkali detergent builder alkalizer, serving also to increase the pH of the composition into the range of about 7.8 to about 8.4.

The organic detergent employed in the present composition is desirably a synthetic organic compound. It may be an anionic detergent, such as sodium hexadecyl sulfate, or an alkyl aryl sulfonate, such as an alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS), sold under the trade name Sulframine. Or, it may be a cationic detergent, as exemplified by dimethyl-stearamidopropyl-Z-hydroxyethyl ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, or it may be a non-ionic organic compound, such as polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene condensate, alone, or in admixture with other organic detergents. The amount present in the composition may vary within the weight range of about 4% to about 15% of the active ingredients.

The organic halogen oxidant, which desirably is a chloramine, should have an oxidation potential between 0.20 and 0.55 E volts in alkaline systems, so as to convert iodine or an iodide to hypoiodous acid, yet not to effect excessive conversion of hypoiodous acid to negative iodate. It is preferably a chloramine having an available chlorine content of at least 25%, such as dichloro dimethylhydantoin, sold commercially under the name Halane, and having an available chlorine content of about 66%. Other suitable chloramines are chloroazodin, succinchlorimide, trichloromelamine, sodium benZene-Sulfon-chloroamide, p-toluene-sulfon chloroamide, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, dichloroisocyanurate, and the like. The amount of this ingredient present in the composition may vary corrosive than acid deterwithin the weight range of about 10% to about 30% of the active ingredients.

The' inorganic iodide ingredient should be a water soluble alkali or alkaline earth iodide, such as an iodide 5 of sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium, lithium, and

the like. Potassium iodide is preferred due to its lower cost. The amount of this ingredient present in the composition may vary within the weight range of about 0.5% to about 5% It is also important, in the present composition that the molar ratio of the organic halogen oxidant to that of the monoatomic iodide be between 25:1 and 120:1, and preferably between 2.5 :1 and 15:1, ensuring a suflicient amount of excess oxidant to reoxidize organically reduced iodide to its germicidal active form again.

The inorganic alkalizer employed in the present composition is desirably a nontoxic, non-caustic water soluble alkaline compound, preferably one or more compounds having a detergent or detergent-assisting property. Such a material may be sodium tripolyphosphate (Na P O sodium acid pyrophosphate Na HP O- sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, or the like, or mixtures thereof, in amount sufiicient to increase the pH of the composition to within the rang-e 7.8 to 8.4. -It is to be used in a major proportion in the formulation, and should comprise about 51% to about 85% by weight of the active components.

Other materials, which may be added to the mixture, may be diluents, such as sodium chloride, dyes, perfumes, and the like.

The following composition serves as an example of a detergent of the present invention:

Wt. percent Dichlorodimethyl hydantoin 15.9

Potassium iodide 4.6 Sulframine detergent 8.4 Sodium tripolyphosphate 60.8 Sodium acid pyrophosphate 10.3

The aforesaid composition was tested for bactericidal effectiveness as follows:

The above formulation (1.31 g.) was dissolved in 1000 ml. of distilled water (0.131%) to obtain a stock solution containing 100 p.p.m. of available chlorine, as the excess oxidizer for 40 p.p.m. of available iodide to the equivalent amount of active hypoiodic acid. Serial dilutions were also prepared as follows:

Amount of water added Final Concentration,

Sample to Stock Solution (100 p.p.m. of Active ml.) Hypoiodic Acid a a A Undiluted 40. 0

B 25 ml 32. 0

C 33.3 rnl A modified Phenol Coefiicient Test was employed in pital patients, was used as the test organism. The bacteriological results obtained were as follows:

The complete kill of Pseudomonas at all levels in only one minute was not anticipated, when one considers that the Pseudomonas class of organisms is not only a significantly resistant organism in the disinfectant field, but also in the sanitizing field, as well. It is well known that psychrophilic strains of Pseudomonas are particularly troublesome in effecting milk pasteurization. The resistance of this identical Pseudornonas strain to phenol and commercial disinfectants is cited in Hospital Management, October 1963.

The present composition was also found very effective in controlling S. aztreus, S. Typhi, E. coli, L. casei, and other organisms.

The storage stability of the aforesaid composition was tested by storing the samples of the undiluted mixture in separate glass containers at room temperature, and at 42- 43 C. in a thermo-electrically-controlled incubator. Periodic titrations were made on aliquot samples of these mixtures to compare the rate of oxidant chlorine loss. The rate of chlorine loss in the accelerated storage test as equivalent to a 2-year storage loss at room temperature, and amounted to about 20% for such period, which loss is Within the acceptable range for non-iodine based alkaline-chlorine based detergent sanitizers.

I claim:

1. A stable germicidally active iodinated detergent composition, consisting essentially of about 4% to about 15 by weight, of a synthetic organic detergent of the class consisting of anionic, cationic and non-ionic detergents, about to about 30% of an organic chloramine oxidant having an available chlorine content of at least 5 25%,

about 0.5% to about 5% of a water soluble monatomic inorganic iodide, and a quantity of water soluble non-caustic alkalizer com pound in an amount of about 51% to about 85%, by weight, and sufiicient to raise the pH value of the composition to the range of 7.8 to 8.4, the molal ratio of said oxidant to that of said iodide being maintained between 6:1 to 2.5: 1. 2. A stable germicidally-active iodinated detergent composition, according to claim 1, in which the organic detergent is an anionic detergent.

3. A stable germicidally-active iodinated detergent composition, consisting essentially of,

about 4% to about 15%, by weight of a synthetic 2O cationic detergent,

about 10% to about 30% of dichloro dimethyl hydantoin, about 0.5% to about 5% of potassium iodide, and a quantity of mixed water-soluble phosphoric acid alkalizer compounds over 50%, by weight, of said composition, and adequate in amount to raise the pH of said composition to the range of 7.2 to 8.4, the molal ratio of said oxidant to that of said iodide being maintained between 6:1 to 2.5: 1.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,727,007 12/1955 Little et al. 252-106 2,904,470 9/1959 Berliner et a1 252106 2,938,764 5/1960 Blomfield 252--95 2,997,421 8/1961 iHosmer et a1 252106 3,054,753 9/1962 Hurt et al 252106 LEON D. ROSDOL, Primary Examiner.

W. E. SHULTZ, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A STABLE GERMICIDALLY-ACTIVE IODINATED DETERGENT COMPOSITION, CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF ABOUT 4% TO ABOUT 15%, BY WEIGHT, OF A SYNTHETIC ORGANIC DETERGENT OF THE CLASS CONSISTING OF ANIONIC, CATIONIC AND NON-IONIC DETERGENTS, ABOUT 10% TO ABOUT 30% OF AN ORGANIC CHLORAMINE OXIDANT HAVING AN AVAILABLE CHLORINE CONTENT OF AT LEAST 25%, ABOUT 0.5% TO ABOUT 5% OF A WATER SOLUBLE MONATOMIC INORGANIC OIDIDE, AND A QUANTITY OF WATER SOLUBLE NON-CAUSTIC ALKALIZER COMPOUND IN AN AMOUNT OF ABOUT 51% TO ABOUT 85%, BY WEIGHT, AND SUFFICIENT TO RAISE THE PH VALUE OF THE COMPOSITION TO THE RANGE OF 7.8 TO 8.4, THE MOLAL RATIO OF SAID OXIDANT TO THAT OF SAID IODIDE BEING MAINTAINED BETWEEN 6:1 TO 2.5:1. 